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Applying the inverse efficiency score to visual-motor task for studying speed/accuracy performance during aging

Current status: Published.

Background: The current study examines the relationship between speed and accuracy of performance in a reaction time setting and explores the informative value of the inverse efficiency score (IES) regarding the possibility to reflect age-related cognitive changes.

Objectives: To study the characteristics of speed and accuracy while performing psychophysiological tests throughout the lifespan; to examine the speed/accuracy ratio in age groups and apply IES to a discriminative visual-motor reaction task, and to estimate the predictive potential of psychophysiological tests to identify IES values.

Methods: We utilize supervised machine learning.

Results and conclusion: The prediction of the visual-motor task IES values out of other psychophysiological tests’ results is accurate (R2=0.77 ± 0.08; MAE / range(IES)=3.37%).

The regression model shows the best performance in the cognitively preserved population groups of young and middle-aged adults (20–60 yrs). The individual rate of neurodevelopment in youth and atrophy in the elderly results in worse prediction performance of the regression model.

IES accounts for different cognitive subdomains and may reflect disproportional changes in them throughout the lifespan.

This encourages us to explore the combination of executive functioning and psychophysiological test results, utilizing machine learning models that can be designed as a reliable computer-aided detector of cognitive changes at early stages.

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